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In the established series of booklets, specific numbers correspond to critical industry standards and internal processes. GAP Improvements Bosch Booklets - GAP Improvements
| Symptom | Likely Cause per Booklet 17 | Test Method | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | | Air flow sensor plate stuck at rest | Remove intake boot, manually lift plate – should move freely. | | Rich mixture / black smoke | Control pressure too low (Warm-up regulator failed open) | Measure control pressure at cold and warm engine (e.g., 1.5 bar cold → 3.7 bar warm). | | Lean mixture / hesitation | System pressure too low or clogged fuel filter | Check system pressure (should be 5.2 – 5.5 bar). |