Before the body is cleaned, technicians collect alternative light source (ALS) readings to locate bodily fluids. Swabs are taken for DNA profiling, and fingernail scrapings are preserved to capture potential defensive DNA from an assailant.
Pathologists perform autopsies to provide a definitive medical explanation when a cause of death is not immediately clear from clinical records. This is particularly critical in cases of:
An incision is made across the back of the scalp to safely remove and examine the brain for signs of stroke, aneurysm, trauma, or swelling.
(Journal of Forensic Sciences): A critical study for forensic experts that helps distinguish between natural postmortem changes and actual signs of trauma in suspected sexual abuse cases.
In the early 2020s, a spike in maternal mortality in the US highlighted how autopsies revealed that many deaths attributed to "cardiac failure" were actually undiagnosed cardiomyopathies exacerbated by social determinants of health that only retrospective tissue analysis could confirm.
Thin slices of organs are stained and viewed under a microscope to detect underlying cellular diseases, such as hidden cancers or microscopic heart damage.
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